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Effect of gross morphology on modern planktonic foraminiferal test strength under compression

Janet E. Burke and Pincelli M. Hull
Journal of Micropalaeontology, 36, 174-182, 31 March 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/jmpaleo2016-007
Janet E. Burke
Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, 210 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Pincelli M. Hull
Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, 210 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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Abstract

Planktonic foraminifera are a source of important geochemical, palaeoceanographic, and palaeontological data. However, many aspects of their ecology remain poorly understood, including whether or not gross morphology has an ecological function. Here, we measure the force needed to crush multiple planktonic foraminiferal morphotypes from modern core top and tow samples. We find significant differences in the resistance of different morphotypes to compressional force. Three species, Globorotalia tumida (biconvex, keeled), Menardella menardii (discoidal, keeled), Truncorotalia truncatulinoides (conical, keeled), require on average 59% more force (1.07 v. 0.47 N) to crush than the least resistant species (Orbulina universa and Trilobatus sacculifer) in core-top samples. Towed samples of pre-gametogenic individuals also show significant differences of the same magnitude (0.693 v. 0.53 N) between the conical (T. truncatulinoides) and globular/spherical morphologies (Globoconella inflata and O. universa). We hypothesize that the greater compressional strength of certain shapes confers a fitness advantage against predators and could contribute to the repeated, convergent evolution of keeled, conical and bi-convex forms in planktonic foraminifer lineages.

Supplementary material: Raw data for all crushing experiments, wall thickness measurements, and results for all pair-wise Kolmogorov-Smirnov Tests are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3725236.v1

  • planktonic foraminifera
  • morphology
  • predation
  • pelagic ecology
  • iterative evolution
  • © 2017 The Author(s)
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Journal of Micropalaeontology: 36 (2)
Journal of Micropalaeontology
Volume 36, Issue 2
August 2017
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Effect of gross morphology on modern planktonic foraminiferal test strength under compression

Janet E. Burke and Pincelli M. Hull
Journal of Micropalaeontology, 36, 174-182, 31 March 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/jmpaleo2016-007
Janet E. Burke
Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, 210 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
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  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Pincelli M. Hull
Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, 210 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site

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Effect of gross morphology on modern planktonic foraminiferal test strength under compression

Janet E. Burke and Pincelli M. Hull
Journal of Micropalaeontology, 36, 174-182, 31 March 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/jmpaleo2016-007
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